Journal Articles, Commentaries, and Book Chapters
(Listed by Date)
Johnson, Tim, and Nick Obradovich. (2024). Measuring an artificial intelligence language model's trust in humans using machine incentives. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: COMPLEXITY 5 (1): 01500. doi: 10.1088/2632-072X/ad1c69. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Obradovich, Nick, Tim Johnson, and Martin Paulus. (2024). Managerial and Organizational Challenges in the Age of AI. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (JAMA) PSYCHIATRY. 81 (3): 219–220. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.5247 [Peer-reviewed, research-focused opinion piece]
Johnson, Tim. (2023). Seeding the spatial prisoner’s dilemma with Ulam’s spiral. COMPLEXITY 2023 (1649440): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1649440. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim. (2022). Prime numbers and the evolution of cooperation, II: Advantages to cooperators using prime-number period lengths in a finite population constrained to prisoner’s dilemma strategies that alternate between periods of activity and inactivity. CHAOS, SOLITONS, & FRACTALS: X (100079). [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim. (2022). Prime numbers and the evolution of cooperation, I: A prisoner’s dilemma model that identifies prime numbers via invasions of cooperators. CHAOS, SOLITONS, & FRACTALS: X (100081). [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Gu, Yugi, Connie X. Mao, and Tim Johnson. (2022). Evidence supporting a cultural evolutionary theory of prosocial religions in contemporary workplace safety data. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 12: 5239. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09322-6 [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim, and Dalton Conley. (2021). Reply to Velu and Iyer: The promise and limits of “near-miss” pandemic-related research. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, USA (PNAS) 118 (40) e2112944118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2112944118. [Research-focused comment]
Johnson, Tim, and Oleg Smirnov (2021). Cooperators can invade an incumbent population of defectors when one-shot prisoner’s dilemmas occur multiple times within a generation. CHAOS, SOLITIONS, & FRACTALS: X 7 (100068): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csfx.2021.100068 [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim, and Oleg Smirnov. (2021). Temporal assortment of cooperators in the spatial prisoner’s dilemma. COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY 4 (1283): 1-10. (Pre-print version on arXiv: 2011.14440v1 (q-bio.PE)) [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Conley, Dalton, and Tim Johnson. (2021). Past is future for the era of COVID-19 research in the social sciences. PROCEEDING OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, USA (PNAS) 118 (13): e2104155118. [Research-focused opinion piece]
Johnson, Tim, Christopher T. Dawes, James H. Fowler, and Oleg Smirnov. (2020). Slowing COVID-19 transmission as a social dilemma: Lessons for government officials from interdisciplinary research on cooperation. JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 3: doi.org/10.30636/jbpa.31.150 [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim, Christopher T. Dawes & Dalton Conley. (2020). How Does a Statistician Raise an Army? The Time When John W. Tukey, a Team of Luminaries, and a Statistics Graduate Student Repaired the Vietnam Selective Service Lotteries, THE AMERICAN STATISTICIAN 74 (2): 190-196. DOI: 10.1080/00031305.2019.1677267. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim, and Gregory B. Lewis. (2020). Inspecting the Merit System’s “Pivotal Idea”: Does Competitive Examination Increase the Qualifications and Quality of the U.S. Federal Service? REVIEW OF PUBLIC PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION 40: 202-221. Online First Edition: https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X18794808 [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim, and Dalton Conley. (2019). Civilian public sector employment as a long-run outcome of military conscription. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, USA (PNAS) 116 (43): 21456-21462. Early view: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908983116 [Peer-reviewed basic research]
[Please note that this article was a “contributed article,” which allowed us to choose our own peer reviewers and, for the purposes of full disclosure, please know that one of the reviewers and I overlapped during our graduate studies program. Also, please know that this article appeared previously as a circulated working paper: Johnson, Tim, and Dalton Conley. (2019). Military Service and Public Sector Employment: Birthdates Called in the Vietnam Draft Lotteries Appear Excessively in the Population of Civilian U.S. Federal Personnel Records. NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH WORKING PAPER SERIES, No. 25859. Cambridge, MA.]
Johnson, Tim, and Dalton Conley. (2019). Deaths of Despair: Lessons from the Vietnam Draft Lottery. MILBANK QUARTERLY. Online Early View: DOI: 10.1111/1468-0009.12423. [Research-focused opinion piece]
Johnson, Tim, and Oleg Smirnov. (2018). Inequality as information: Wealth homophily facilitates the evolution of cooperation. Scientific Reports 8: 11605. DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-30052-1 [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim, and Robert W. Walker. (2018). The Career Advancement of Military Veterans in Recent Cohorts of the U.S. Executive Branch. PUBLIC PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT 47: 382–397. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Johnson, Tim. (2018). Moral externalization is an implausible mechanism for cooperation, let alone “hypercooperation”. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES 41: E106. doi:10.1017/S0140525X18000110. [Comment]
Sangick Jeon, Tim Johnson, and Amanda L. Robinson. (2017). Nationalism and Social Sanctioning Across Ethnic Lines: Experimental Evidence from the Kenya-Tanzania Border. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL POLITICAL SCIENCE 4: 1-20. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Han Il Chang, Christopher T. Dawes, and Tim Johnson. (2017). Political Inequality, Centralized Sanctioning Institutions, and the Maintenance of Public Goods. BULLETIN OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH. doi: 10.1111/boer.12140 [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson, Christopher T. Dawes, Matt McGue, and William G. Iacono. (2017). Numbers Assigned in the Vietnam-Era Selective Service Lotteries Influence the Military Service Decisions of Children Born to Draft-Eligible Men: A Research Note. ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X17707197. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson. (2017). "The Preferential Hiring of Military Veterans in the United States." In Louis Hicks, Jose E. Coll, Eugenia L. Weiss (eds.), THE CIVILIAN LIVES OF U.S. VETERANS: ISSUES AND IDENTITIES. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. [Book chapter in an edited volume]
Jowei Chen and Tim Johnson. (2016). "Political Ideology in the Bureaucracy." In Ali Farazmand (ed.), GLOBAL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, PUBLIC POLICY, AND GOVERNANCE. Basel, Switzerland: Springer International. [Encyclopedia entry]
Tim Johnson and Christopher T. Dawes. (2016). Do Parents' Life Experiences Affect the Political and Civic Participation of their Children? The Case of Draft-Induced Military Service. POLITICAL BEHAVIOR. doi:10.007/11109-016-9334-z [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson. (2015). Service after Serving: Does Veterans' Preference Diminish the Quality of the US Federal Service? JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH AND THEORY 25, 669-696. doi: 10.1093/jopart/muu033. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Adam Bonica, Jowei Chen, and Tim Johnson. (2015). Senate Gate-Keeping, Presidential Staffing of "Inferior Offices" and the Ideological Composition of Appointments to the Public Bureaucracy. QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE 10, 5-40. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Jowei Chen and Tim Johnson. (2015). Federal Employee Unionization and Presidential Control of the Bureaucracy: Estimating and Explaining Ideological Change in Executive Agencies. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL POLITICS 27, 151-174. doi: 10.1177/0951629813518126. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson and Nicholai Lidow. (2014). Band of Brothers (and Fathers and Sisters and Mothers…): A Research Note Estimating Rates of Military Participation Among Liberians Living with Relatives in the Military. ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY. doi: 10.1177/0095327X14562858. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson, Mikhail Myagkov, and John Orbell. (2013). Distinctive Preferences Toward Risk in the Substantive Domain of Sociality. POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY 34, 1-22. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson. (2012). The Strategic Logic of Costly Punishment Necessitates Natural Field Experiments and At Least One Such Experiment Exists. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES 35, 31-32. [Comment]
Tim Johnson and Oleg Smirnov. (2012). An Alternative Mechanism through which Economic Inequality Facilitates Collective Action: Wealth Disparities as a Sign of Cooperativeness. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL POLITICS, 24, 461-484. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson and Oleg Smirnov. (2012). "Cooperate with Equals: A Simple Heuristic for Social Exchange." In Ralph Hertwig, Ulrich Hoffrage, and the ABC Research Group (eds.), SIMPLE HEURISTICS IN A SOCIAL WORLD. New York: Oxford University Press. [Please note that a portion of this chapter constitutes a reprint of "An Alternative Mechanism through which Economic Inequality Facilitates Collective Action: Wealth Disparities as a Sign of Cooperativeness."] [Book chapter in an edited volume]
Bettina von Helversen, Andreas Wilke, Tim Johnson, Gabriele Schmid, and Burghard Klapp. (2011). Performance Benefits of Depression: Sequential Decision Making in a Healthy and a Clinically Depressed Sample. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY, 120, 962-968. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Oleg Smirnov and Tim Johnson. (2011). "Formal Evolutionary Modeling for Political Scientists." In Peter K. Hatemi and Rose McDermott (eds.), MAN IS BY NATURE A POLITICAL ANIMAL. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [Book chapter in an edited volume]
Oleg Smirnov, Christopher T. Dawes, James H. Fowler, Tim Johnson, and Richard McElreath. (2010). The Behavioral Logic of Collective Action: Partisans Cooperate and Punish More than Non-Partisans . POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 31, 595-616. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson, Christopher T. Dawes, James H. Fowler, Richard McElreath, and Oleg Smirnov. (2009). The Role of Egalitarian Motives in Altruistic Punishment. ECONOMICS LETTERS, 102, 192-194. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Bettina von Helversen and Tim Johnson. (2008). "Der Einfluss von "Satisficing" und "Maximizing" auf das Entscheidungsverhalten." In W. Sarges & D. Scheffer (eds.), Innovative Ansätze für die Eignungsdiagnostik. Reihe: Psychologie für das Personalmanagement (pp. 265-273). Göttingen: Hogrefe. [Book chapter in an edited volume]
Christopher T. Dawes, James H. Fowler, Tim Johnson, Richard McElreath, and Oleg Smirnov. (2007). Egalitarian Motives in Humans. NATURE, 446, 794-796. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
Tim Johnson, Mikhail Myagkov, and John Orbell. (2005). Sociality as a defensive response to the threat of loss. POLITICS AND THE LIFE SCIENCES, 23, 13-9. [Peer-reviewed basic research]
James H. Fowler, Tim Johnson, and Oleg Smirnov. (2005). Egalitarian Motive and Altruistic Punishment. NATURE, 433, E1. (doi:10.1038/nature03256). [Peer-reviewed basic research]